Property of System in Thermodynamics

                                          Categories of Properties


1.Extensive property:
whose value depends on the size or extent of the system
(upper case letters as the symbols).
eg: Volume, Mass (V,M).
If mass is increased, the value of extensive property also
increases.

2.Intensive property:
whose value is independent of the size or extent of the
system.
eg: pressure, temperature (p, T).





3.Specific property:
It is the value of an extensive property per unit mass of
system. (lower case letters as symbols) eg: specific volume,
density (v, ρ).
It is a special case of an intensive property.
Most widely referred properties in thermodynamics:
Pressure; Volume; Temperature; Entropy; Enthalpy; Internal
energy.




**State:
It is the condition of a system as defined by the values of all its
properties.
It gives a complete description of the system.
Any operation in which one or more properties of a system
change is called a change of state.

**Phase:
It is a quantity of mass that is homogeneous throughout in
chemical composition and physical structure.
e.g. solid, liquid, vapour, gas.
Phase consisting of more than one phase is known as
heterogenous system .